Nouns are words used to identify people, places, things, and ideas. As a grammatical class, nouns satisfy most or all of the following tests:
 Number: they have a Singular and Plural form:
One car, two cars one child, several children.
 Determiners: they can be preceded by a, an, or the:
A child an apple the cars.
 Modifiers: they can be modified by an Adjective placed before them:
A young child a ripe apple the new cars.
 Phrases: they can form the Headword of a Noun Phrase:
A ripe red apple ready to eat the new cars on the forecourt.
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It is followed by ‘to’ and the stem of a main verb:
They needed to rest, they said, but showed no signs of doing so.
In Questions and negative statements the ‘to’ is omitted:
Need I say more?
He need not have worried
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A verb that can be used as a normal MAIN VERB or a MODAL AUXILIARY VERB. For this reason it is sometimes described as a ‘semi-modal’ verb.
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When these two conjunctions are used as a pair the two expressions that are linked should be of the same grammatical status:
 Two words:
Neither Squigs nor Goblins ever returned.
 Two phrases:
Our weather is neither too hot nor too cold.
 Two clauses:
… the plain man who questions neither what he sees nor what he likes…
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A modal auxiliary verb used to express the speaker’s view of how necessary or desirable an event may be:
‘I must go,’ breathed Stefania, and was gone.
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